Gardiner’s Sign List of Egyptian Hieroglyphs

The following is a list of commonly used hieroglyphs as organized by Sir Alan H. Gardiner in his Egyptian Grammar. The signs are organized into 26 main categories followed by 3 sections that list hieroglyphs by their shape. Choose from any of the links below to guide yourself to a specific category.

gardiner_s_sign_list_of_egyptian_hieroglyphs

M. Trees and Plants

Gardiner Number	Hieroglyph	Description of Glyph	Details
M1		Tree	Phono. im3. Det. nhwt, mnw “trees.”
M2		Plant	Phono. ḥn. In ḥni “rush,” ḥnw “vessel.” Det. in is “tomb.”
M3		Branch	Phono. ḫt. In ḫt “wood,” ḫtyw “terrace,” nḫt “strong.”
M4		Stripped palm branch	Ideo. in rnpt “year,” ḥsbt “regnal year.” Det. in tr “time.”
M5		Combination of M4 + X1	Det. or Ideo. in tr “time, season.”
M6		Combination of M4 + D21	Det. or Ideo. in tr “time, season.”
M7		Combination of M4 + Q3	Det. or Ideo. in rnpi “young.”
M8		Pool with lilies	Phono š3. In š3 “marsh.” Ideo. 3ḫt “Inundation” (season).
M9		Lily	Det. or Ideo in sšn “lily.”
M10		Lily bud	Det. in nḥbt “lily bud.”
M11		Flower and stem	Det. or Ideo. in wdn “offer.”
M12		Lily plant	Phono. ḫ3. In ḫ3w nw sšn “lily plants” ḫ3 “1,000,” sḫ3 “remember.”
M13		Papyrus stem	Phono. w3ḏ, wḏ.
M14		Combination of M13 and I10	Phono. w3ḏ. In w3ḏ wr “the sea.”
M15		Papyrus clump with downward facing buds.	Phono. 3ḫ. In 3ḫ-bit “Chemmis.” Det. of Papyrus.
M16		Papyrus clump	Phono. ḥ3 . In ḥ3q “capture.” Det. in “The Delta.”
M17		Reed leaf	Phono. i. Phono. y, when doubled.
M18		Combination of M17 + D54	Phono i. In ii “come.”
M19		Conical cakes between signs M17 and U36	Det. and Ideo. in ʿ3bt “offering.”
M20		Reed field	Det. sḫt “marshland,” sm “occupation.”
M21		Reed field with root	Det. in sm “plant,” “help.”
M22		Rush with shoots	Phono. nḫb . Phono. nn, when doubled. In nḫbt “germination,” “Nehkbet.”
M23		Sedge	Phono. sw. Ideo. nswt “king.”
M24		Combination of M23 + D21	Ideo. rsw “south.”
M25		Combination of M26 + M24	Use as M24.
M26		Sedge	Phono. šmʿ. Ideo. šmʿw in “Upper Egypt.”
M27		Combination of M26 + D36	Phono. šmʿ.
M28		Combination of M26 + V20	Ideo. in title wr mḏw šmʿw “Greatest of the tens of Upper Egypt.”
M29		Pod	Phono. nḏm. In nḏm “sweet.
M30		Root	Det. or Ideo. bnr “sweet.”
M31		Rhizome	Det. in rd “grow.”
M32		Var of M31	Use as M31
M33		Grain	Ideo. in it “barley, corn.”
M34		Emmer sheaf	Det. or Ideo. in bti “emmer.”
M35		Grain heap	Det. in ʿḥʿw “heaps.”
M36		Flax bundle	Phono. ḏr. In ḏr “since,” nḏri “hold fast.”
M37		Flax bundle with stems	Phono. ḏr.
M38		Flax bundle	Det. in mḥʿ “flax,” dm3 “bind together.”
M39		Basket of fruit or grain	Det. in rnpt “vegetables.”
M40		Reed bundle	Phono is. In is “tomb,” iswt “crew.”
M41		Wood log	Det. in ʿš “cedar.”
M42		Flower	Phono. wn. In wnm “eat,” ḥwn “be young.”
M43		Grape vines on props	Det. or Ideo. in irp “wine.”
M44		Thorn	Det. spd “sharp.”